About this arrangement

Hopkins’s carol of the Magi changes mood halfway: the verse is in A minor, dark and marching, and the refrain, “O star of won-der”, turns into bright C major. The verse starts with the thumb on the A below middle C; for bars 5 and 6 the hand moves up, thumb on middle C, so finger 5 reaches G for “moor and moun-tain”. After a rest in bar 8, two long notes on “O” lead into the refrain, where the thumb drops to the G below middle C; bars 14 and 15, C C D E F E D E, need C position again. The left hand plays on each big beat.

Practice tip: Count the long “O” in bar 9: two dotted crotchets, one on B and one on D, each a whole big beat. Bars 10 and 11, “star of won-der, star of night”, come back twice more in the refrain, so learn them once and most of the refrain is done.

The words

We three kings of Orient are, bearing gifts we traverse afar. Field and fountain, moor and mountain, following yonder star. O star of wonder, star of night, star with royal beauty bright, westward leading, still proceeding, guide us to thy perfect light.

A short history

John Henry Hopkins Jr., an Episcopal clergyman who taught church music at the General Theological Seminary in New York, wrote both the words and the tune in 1857 for a Christmas pageant at the seminary, and published them in 1863 in his Carols, Hymns and Songs. It was one of the first American Christmas carols to become popular around the world.

The carol is a small drama: the verse is sung by the three kings together, then in Hopkins’s plan each king sings a verse about his gift, gold, frankincense and myrrh, before all join in the refrain. The Gospel of Matthew only says that wise men came from the east and names the three gifts; the number three, the title of kings and the names Melchior, Caspar and Balthazar all come from later tradition.

Hopkins later became rector of Christ Church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.

Quick facts

Tune
John Henry Hopkins Jr., 1857
Key
C major
Time signature
6/8
Length
17 bars
Tempo
Stately, dotted crotchet = 66
Difficulty
Level 3: Notes below middle C (piece 95 of 201)
Type
Carol
Hands
Both: melody in the right hand, chords in the left
Copyright
Public domain tune; arrangement by Digital Greenhouse, free for personal and classroom use

Questions and answers

What key is We Three Kings in?
C major, in 6/8 time. There are no sharps or flats in the key signature.
How long is it?
C major, 6/8, 17 bars. The tempo marking is Stately, dotted crotchet = 66.
Is We Three Kings out of copyright?
Yes. The tune is by John Henry Hopkins Jr., 1857. Our piano arrangement is free for personal and classroom use.
What is the hardest part?
Count the long “O” in bar 9: two dotted crotchets, one on B and one on D, each a whole big beat. Bars 10 and 11, “star of won-der, star of night”, come back twice more in the refrain, so learn them once and most of the refrain is done.
Can I print it?
Yes. Press Print above to put this piece on its own page, or choose Save as PDF as the printer for a file. It prints on A4 paper; if yours is US Letter, choose US Letter in the box beside Print. The notes are the same size as a printed music book.

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